Risk Assessment Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hazard Assessment Plan - Essay Example This paper builds up a hazard appraisal plan for three undertakings that identify with risky materials the board. Hazard evaluation is the second period of the hazard the executives procedure; different stages are chance distinguishing proof, the board of hazard, and hazard revealing and checking stages (Scholz and Gray, 2000, p. 285). Hazard appraisal includes a technique for analyzing hazard dangers with a thought process of abstaining from, diminishing or better overseeing them to decrease their effect. Hazard appraisal is characterized as a straightforward cautious assessment of what in the work environment or home condition could make hurt individuals (Martin, 2006, p. 7). Dangerous circumstances are ever present with us, from the work place, our homes and in any event, when venturing out conceivable from working environment to home. Actually every circumstance we are in is a perilous one, as for instance fuelling a vehicle presents a danger of blast or inebriation by the gas exhaust. A straightforward cultivating task like yard cutting presents a danger of being hit by flying items from the grass cutter causing antagonistic wellbeing conditions. The nearness of perilous circumstances in regular day to day existence persuades the need of a hazard evaluation plan. This paper builds up a hazard appraisal plan on three undertakings which are; fuelling a vehicle, painting the house, and nursery yard cutting. All in all hazard appraisal targets recognizing the potential dangers, their results and the impacts they can have on a person’s wellbeing incase they happen. This paper has summed up the kinds of peril that can happen in three unique assignments that is fuelling a vehicle, painting a house and yard cutting. Marrero, T. L. (2007). An intergrative way to deal with contemplate and advance regular perils versatile capacity: A contextual investigation of two flood-inclined networks in Puerto Rico. The Geographic Journal, 176,

The modern age Essay Example For Students

The cutting edge age Essay Salo Baron: â€Å"The Modern Age†In the passages introduced in Glatzer from Salo Baron’s article, â€Å"The Modern Age,† Baron depicts his vision for the fate of American Jewry. He addresses whether a flare-up of against semitism will at last stop Jewish life in America or, regardless of whether the American political framework is with the end goal that that would be troublesome. He says that some contend that a financial downturn would indeed make American Jewry what they had been so often previously, a substitute. However, his response to that guarantee is,†while it is conceivable that some cataclismic hostile to Jewish change may some time or another shut down American Jewry, it doesn't show up likely,† (Baron, 735). He likewise disassembles the case that such a â€Å"upheaval† would be the consequence of a low monetary period, refering to models in American history where inspite of a downturn, hostile to Semitism didn't turn out to be more prevalent.He proceeds to caution America’s Jews that osmosis won't free them of their Jewishness. Notwithstanding what they retain fromt the encompassing society or that they are so dedicated to their country, at last others will in any case consider them to be Jews. He says that the individuals who pick to overlook their past won't shed themselves of their Jewishness, yet rather endure the entirety of its mishaps, without profiting by its â€Å"magnificent heritage,† (Baron, 736). For this too he refers to models from the Jewish past, the most clear one, being that this article was written in 1956, was German Jewry and the Holocaust. At last, Baron addresses what American Jewry will have become in one century, being that neither complete osmosis, nor an enemy of Semitic change, are likely situations. He doesn't offer a response. What he says rather is that the Jewish people group in America must concentrate on quality, not amount. They should quit focusing on material things and rather work to build up their Jewish culture which was so rapidly disintegrating. Curiously, Maimonides had contended accurately something very similar eight centuries sooner. Baron’s last dispute is that American Jewry needs authority. They need individuals to shape the social, social and strict eventual fate of Diaspora life.Bibliography: We will compose a custom article on The cutting edge age explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now

The Effects of Communication on Children of Divorced Families Essays

RUNNING HEAD: The Effects of Communication on Children of Divorced Families. Research project The Effects of Communication on Children of Divorce Tonya Duran New Mexico State University-Carlsbad The impacts of relational abilities between separated or isolated guardians on youngsters, is critical to the greater part of society on the grounds that the vast majority have separated from guardians or have relatives that are. Everybody knows somebody who has managed separate in their family and it impacts all kids included and individuals associated with those youngsters. Shockingly, it is a consistently developing circumstance in the United States. It is significant for the guardians and all required to convey gainfully to enable the youngsters to develop and have great relational abilities themselves. The impacts of correspondence hindrances can be exceptionally negative to childrens social abilities and their capacities to work beneficially is numerous circumstances they may experience sometime down the road. At the point when families are confronting divorce or have chosen separate from the circumstances before would already be able to hurt the kid, yet what comes after can influence them more. It is significant for the guardians required to set their own emotions aside and attempt to have an expert like relationship. It is hard enough for kids to manage separate, the difference in family living, way things are ran in the family unit, individuals living in the home or possibly moving to new urban areas and so on. There are a great deal of changes that happen and it is distressing for all included yet hardest ordinarily on the kids that are included. At times the circumstance before isn't better and in reality after the guardians are separated from the connections can flourish. Some of the time one parent becomes far off then the other or missing totally, however for the youngster it is generally significant for the two guardians to proceed in the childs life and to keep the correspondenc es lines open. The correspondence between the guardians and the youngsters are significant for accomplishment of good connections to proceed. When there is terrible correspondence it can cause on parent to become supported or castigating the other the kid which can lead the youngster despising the parent that is tearing down the other parent. It likewise may influence the childs relationship with that parent that is being spoken awful about. A kid's relationship with their folks following a separation is basic to the kid's alteration. Despite the fact that the trouble of not being with the two guardians is one of the most excruciating pieces of separation, it is the proceeding with relationship that youngsters have with their folks that is fundamental to their drawn out change. This features the significance of not condemning the other parent before the youngster (Foulkes-Jamison. 2001). Putting down or speaking awful about the other parent isn't solid for the youngster. Youngsters tend not to disclose to you when they are irate, angry, confounded, hurt or discouraged. Rather, they mirror their issues through their conduct - carrying on or maybe turning internal in manners that you have not experienced preceding the divorce.(Sedacca, 2012) The youngster can lose control, fierce, discouraged and can make the kid become pulled back. Ordinarily when the guardians don't impart the child is increasingly influenced then the guardians regardless of whether they may not see it. The youngster may conceal it from the guardians and keep all the hurt inside. They may likewise attempt to utilize one guardians against the other to get what they need. The guardians will now and then vie for the childs love and consideration. They may utilize the style of contending I win, You lose. The serious style includes incredible worry for your own needs and wants and little for those of others (DeVito, 2012). With this the parent is increasingly worried about winning and the ir own emotions or need to win then the childs sentiments and necessities. They simply need to beat the other parent. It is a pitiful cycle that happens to regularly, where one simply needs to win and doesnt care about those included or the results of their activities. It is significant that the guardians convey to each other, about evaluations, school, medical checkups, sports, companions, any issues they are having modifying or simply their adjustments in character. One smart thought

Your ACT Is Done Now What How and When ACT Scores Are Available

â€Å"Are ACT scores out yet?† â€Å"Are ACT scores posted online?† These are just two of the many questions that you and other high school students may have after taking the ACT. Naturally, most students want to know when ACT scores are available as well as how to send them to their preferred colleges. We can help you get the answers to these pertinent queries and others relating to ACT score reports. How to Get Your Scores Are ACT scores posted online? The answer is yes! In order to register for the test, you had to create a student account at the official website, ACT.org. This same account gives you access to your test scores. In addition to online access, you will get a score report in the form of a PDF via your student account. Remember that those who have taken the ACT view scores through their secure online account   the ACT doesn’t deliver scores via email, fax, chat, or telephone. When Will My ACT Scores Be Available? Normally, your composite score for the multiple-choice sections of the test can be viewed within two weeks after your test date. After getting your composite score, it takes approximately two more weeks to get your writing score. When ACT test results for the writing portion of the test are available, you’ll be notified via your online account. Keep in mind that the ACT’s official time frame for releasing a student’s scores is between two and eight weeks, so if your scores aren’t available within two weeks after the test, try checking back in another week or two. What Can Delay the Arrival of My ACT Scores? These are the basics on when ACT scores are available, but there are some circumstances that can delay the arrival of your scores. For example, a rescheduled testing date may mean that your scores are made available later than expected. Inaccuracies on your test forms can also cause a delay in the arrival of your scores. That’s why it’s so important to fill out the test forms completely and as instructed. Of course, you can contact those who administer the ACT via their website if you have any questions. Sending Scores to Colleges The most important people who will see your ACT scores are admissions officers, so you’ll want to make sure that your preferred colleges get them as well. During the test registration process, you can arrange for your test scores to be sent to four colleges. Make sure that you enter the correct college codes as you move through the process so there won’t be any delays in the delivery of your score reports. Retaking the ACT If you decide you want to retake the ACT, you’re allowed to do so as many times as you want. But before signing up to take the test again, make sure that you have a good reason to think that you’ll do better the second time. For example, perhaps you were sick on test day and felt that your illness affected your performance. Or maybe you felt unprepared for a particular section of the test and you want to review some things before giving the test another try. As far as ACT scores are concerned, colleges only consider your highest score on the test, so it can’t hurt to study up and try again. Starting Off on the Right Foot Whether you plan to retake the ACT or you’re taking it for the first time, our instructors are here to help! We give you strategies you can use on all sections of the test, including the essay. We guide you in taking a practice ACT, then review the results with you. This is an effective way to focus your efforts on the subjects that need the most work. You’ll be paired with a Veritas Prep instructor who is familiar with your learning style, making each of your tutoring sessions all the more productive. We use professional study materials and resources in our online and in-person courses. When you study with us, you receive the tools you need to master the ACT on test day. If you want to know more about the study program at Veritas Prep, check out our ACT trial class. You’ll learn about the subtleties of the ACT and get valuable tips from an experienced instructor.  And be sure to find us on Facebook, YouTube, Google+ and Twitter!

Is the Prolonged Span of Life by Medic Care Technology a...

It has long been debated whether the longer life span granted by the advanced technology and medic care system that came with the industry revolution is a triumph of humanity or instead, a tragedy. A number of people suggested that a longer life span has always been the wildest dream of mankind and now it’s being achieved to some extent by our advanced science and technology. Others argued that, an increasing amount of older population due to a longer life span proved to be a huge burden of the society as well as themselves. However, as far as I’m concerned, the key to the debate whether this prolonged life span should be considered a triumph or a tragedy does not lie in the life span itself, but rather, its quality. Since the ancient†¦show more content†¦To begin with, there are health issues eating up the life quality of elder people. Nowadays, the health system is still exerting more efforts on quantity instead of quality of life for elder people. Life quality could always be sacrificed for the sake of longevity. Such an idea has put millions of elder people living long lives living in long-term pain and suffering. Firstly, our health care professionals haven’t become aging ready. Little resources are invested into the study of Geriatrics: Less than 20% of the medical schools in the United States have full departments of Geriatrics. Dr. Ken Dychtwald once said: â€Å"Our 21st century health breakthroughs have given us old people, and now we can’t figure out how to keep them healthy.† Secondly, too little freedom is placed in the hands of elder people in deciding their own lives. They ought to be granted full authority in things such as whether to accept aggressive medical treatments conditioning on their consciousness. In addition, as the population is aging, there exists an increasing financial burden on the elder people as well as their families and the entire society. Advanced technology and health care have already brought us into the age of longevity, but the financial intelligence in the meantime hasn’t figured out a proper method to pay for it. In China, more than half of elder people are living in poverty, struggling under the shade of an immature social security systemShow MoreRelatedExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesbe used. Some cases are written entirely from published sources but most have been prepared in cooperation with and approval of the management of the organisation concerned. Case studies can never fully capture the richness and complexity of real-life management situations and we would also encourage readers and tutors to take every possible opportunity to explore the live strategic issues of organisations – both their own and others. The following brief points of guidance should prove useful in

The Development of Genetics Food Modifying Techniques

Genetically modified foods (GM foods) are foods created from organisms that have had particular changes inserted into their DNA using different genetic modifying or engineering techniques. These techniques have allowed for the introduction of yield traits to have a far greater control over a foods genetic structure than traditional ways such as selective breeding and mutation breeding. Since the past 10-20 years, the world population has been growing swiftly, at the same time, traditional agricultural has began failed to satisfy humans’ need. Under this circumstance, genetically modified foods has been introduced and widely discussed in worldwide. GM foods techniques which can increase yield potential by modifying plant type and exploiting heterocyst. However these techniques have implicit problems. Although they are enabled to increase the world food supply, the safety and the nature of the food are the main concern. Due to genetic engineering is a relatively new scientific a spect, therefore, all the techniques are still preliminary and unstable. This essay argues that the development of genetic modifying food technique should be continued. Laukkanen et al. (2013) suggest that human population around the world has increased at an historically high average annual rate, but cereal production only has been keeping pace. In other words, the world food supply are facing a crisis that the food supply are projected to be completely insufficient to satisfy human’s need within aShow MoreRelatedBenefits Of Genetically Modified Crops1230 Words   |  5 PagesThe topic of GM crops is perhaps one of the most exiting and continually growing aspects of genetic science. It has an interesting history, many and varied applications, well-researched techniques and its own set of issues ripe for debate; this essay will discuss these aspects. Genetically modified crops have been a large part of the agricultural landscape for thousands of years. Ever since wild crops were domesticated by the first farmers domesticated wild varieties of grains and tubers. SimplyRead MoreWe The People Of The People’S Republic Of China Established820 Words   |  4 Pageswithin our borders. Unfortunately, it leaves a limited amount of food. Accordingly, in our mission to insure that our own people get enough food and a healthy diet, we have found genetically modified organisms, or GMOs to be of value. A genetically modified organism (GMO, also known as a genetically engineered organism) is defined as â€Å"any living organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques (i.e., a genetically engineered organism),† as stated by CartagenaRead MoreFood Production Shortage : One Of The Planet s Most Prominent Future Issues1141 Words   |  5 PagesFood production shortage: one of the planet’s most prominent future issues. Today, most of the world’s agriculture and farming is able to keep up with the over seven billion people residing on Earth, but the future suggests problems. â€Å"The world is less than 40 years away from a food shortage that will have serious implications for people and governments, according to a top scientist at the U.S. Agency for International Development.† (Texas AM AgriLife Communications). This hypothesis is based uponRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms And Reproductive Cloning1648 Words   |  7 Pagesdesirable. This type of genetic modification has proven to be quite successful and has been used for many generations. Presently scientists are genetically modifying organisms in order to produce more desirable traits. Genetically modified organisms (GMO), are organisms that have a genome that has been engineered in a laboratory in order to produce desired biological products or to express a desired physiological trait (Diaz 2014). Scientists are able to accomplish this type of genetic modification throughRead MoreA Genetically Modified Organisms ( Gmo )799 Words   |  4 Pagesin population, with 1.8 billion people residing within the borders. Unfortunately, it leaves a limited amount of food. Accordingly, genetically modified organisms, or GMOs, are necessary.   Ã‚  Ã‚   A genetically modified organism (GMO, also known as a genetically engineered organism) is defined as â€Å"any living organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques (i.e., a genetically engineered organism),† as stated by Cartagena protocol on Biosafety. Our nation is the mainRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms745 Words   |  3 PagesGenetically Modified Organisms In the present day, if people were asked to name a controversial issue related to genetics, genetically modified organisms (GMO’s) would definitely come up most of the time. This topic has been all over the news for the past few years and it has caught people’s attention. Do they benefit society as a whole? Are they a threat to the public’s health? Should scientists even manipulate genes in organisms? A great deal of questions and doubts have arisen regarding GMO’sRead MoreIt Was Only The Beginning Of The Late 20Th Century, When1269 Words   |  6 Pagesbeginning of the late 20th century, when research and development on genetic modification and genetic engineering began. However, over the past couple of decades, genetic modification has grown to become an important controversial issue in our society. Its consequences can be devastating, but if used correctly, could help shape the world into a different place. However, even at this moment, people still q uestion its integrity and proper use. Along with genetic engineering, the choice to regulate mandatoryRead MoreGenetically Modified Foods1693 Words   |  7 Pagesmodified foods (GM) are foods that come from organisms whose genetic material has been modified in a way that is not natural. Introducing a gene from a different organism to foods is an example of a way that genetic modification is used. This type of genetic engineering involves altering, transferring, and recombining genes from disparate organisms. It is said that genetic modification is to be one of the most advanced uses of technology to ever been devised. There are two common food geneticRead MoreThe Ethics Of Genetic Engineering1639 Words   |  7 PagesGenetic engineering has to do with manipulating organisms and DNA to create body characteristics. The practice of genetic DNA has shown an increasing amount over the past years. The process of genetic enhancement involves manipulating organisms by using biotechnologies. The technique is by removing a DNA from one life form and transferring it to another set of traits or organism. Certain barriers are conquered, and the procedure involves changing a form of cells, resulting from an improvement orRead MoreGenetically Modified Foods : Genetic Modification1605 Words   |  7 PagesGenetically Modified Foods Based on our studies, for years ancient farmers had been altering the genetic makeup of many crops. The old day approaches used to be simple and new varieties of produces were made through a mixture of trial and error, without knowing the exact function of the genes being moved around. The ancient farmers would pick an organism with a favorable trait or characteristic and would match them with some distantly related species through forced pollinations (Wilson, 2013). According

Exit Through The Gift Shop free essay sample

The documentary Exit Through the Gift Shop gives a background on street art and what it started as. As the film progresses it gets into how an artist by the name of Mr. Brainwash changed that. Street art started with artists expressing themselves through their designs and images posted in public, but turned to a moneymaking operation for â€Å"Mr. Brainwash†. At the beginning of the film there was a lot of talk about getting people in society to notice the little things through these street artists work, which relates a lot to what we talked about in class. The documentary shows how people can take something meant to be used solely for expression and to send a message as a moneymaking opportunity. Towards the end of the film when Thierry, Mr. Brainwash, become so wrapped up in the fame and attention his art is brining him, he fails to demonstrate what street art is really about. We will write a custom essay sample on Exit Through The Gift Shop or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He never actually decides where most of the pieces in the exhibit go, the crew setting up the show placed them. This proves one of the main points of the film, that money fame and attention are not what street art is about, it’s about being able to express yourself. This documentary connects to some of the discussions we have had in class because of the aspect of street art that causes you to notice the little things around you. We talked about how our cell phones and other devices distract us from noticing the little things around us, street art calls attention to these by adding small details to our everyday life and bringing our attention to them. It puts different looking pieces of art into our everyday lives for us to notice. Banksy represented this through his painted elephant at the exhibit he held. He painted the elephant to represent how people wouldn’t notice the elephant because it was painted in colors that would allow it to blend into the background. This was an exaggeration on Banksys part but called attention to this idea through the use of an elephant. This documentary connects how we discussed society’s lack of attention to details in class to the world of street art and those who create it. I really enjoyed watching this documentary and getting a close view into the world of street art. It gives you a perspective on how ideas such as street art, meant for expression and enjoyment of the artist can turn into a money making business centered on fame. This film was something I would have watched on my own time for enjoyment, but would never have know about so I’m glad this was brought up in class.

The Global Business Crisis and Consumer Behavior free essay sample

The Global Business Crisis and Consumer Behavior: Kingdom of Bahrain as a Case Study Durra Mansoor Akram Jalal January 2011 Summary: This research aims to learn how Bahrain consumers affected by global financial crisis since 2007. Additionally, it focuses on changes in consumer behavior after global crisis. The result of this research is based on questioner analysis which tries to measure knowledge about global crises to randomly selected consumers in Bahrain. The World is facing with economic challenges. America, powerful Europe and Asia affected by financial crises in some different levels. The global financial crisis affected all consumers in the World not only economically but also psychologically. This new financial situation increased panic and uncertainty on consumers in globe. In hard and stressful times such as economic crises, consumer behavior changes have occurred. Because of FC, consumers changed their behaviors by reducing their consumption. People became money-minded and they don’t want to spend money for premium products anymore, and they prefer cheapest products. We will write a custom essay sample on The Global Business Crisis and Consumer Behavior or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They redefine â€Å"necessities† and â€Å"luxuries†. So, they only buy the things which are taking place on their shopping list. They’re comparing products and making their choices by compromising quality. Some of them started to manage their income by searching on e-commerce websites to catch best price. They are planning their purchasing by postponing expenditures like discretionary expenditure to make savings. Thus, their total expenditure amount decreased because of global crisis. According to Mansoor and Jalal (2011), the role that consumers play in these days is very crucial to business’ survival. It is driving force behind the success of many businesses, because most of the contemporary consumers spend major time on buying decisions. Consumers buying decision is changing person to person. However, after economic crises, consumer started to spend much time for information and decision making. By predicting consumer’s behavior, a business can understand consumer’s needs, and can work on fulfilling the needs and meeting the expectations of their customers (Mansoor and Jalal, 2011). Businesses should work hard for success of their businesses and try to strengthen their long-term strategies. They should personalize their products to earn consumers’ loyalty. Making investment to their brand and differentiating themselves against to their competitors are also crucial. Businesses should add new and irreplaceable products to their portfolios and build tight relations with their consumers to survive in financial crisis. Consumers in Bahrain adapted to new trends after financial crisis. They preferred to purchase less priced and substitute products compared by expensive products. They though that expensive products are not that much worthy by considering their high prices.

Cognitive Dissonance Definition and Examples

Cognitive Dissonance Definition and Examples Psychologist Leon Festinger first described the theory of cognitive dissonance in 1957. According to Festinger,  cognitive dissonance  occurs when people’s thoughts and feelings are inconsistent with their behavior, which results in an uncomfortable, disharmonious feeling. Examples of such inconsistencies or dissonance could include someone who litters despite caring about the environment, someone who tells a lie despite valuing honesty, or someone who makes an extravagant purchase, but believes in frugality. Experiencing cognitive dissonance can lead people to try to reduce their feelings of discomfort - sometimes in surprising or unexpected ways. Because the experience of dissonance is so uncomfortable, people are highly motivated to try to reduce their dissonance. Festinger goes as far as to propose  that reducing dissonance is a fundamental need: a person who experiences dissonance will try to reduce this feeling in much the same way that a person who feels hungry is compelled to eat. According to psychologists, our actions are likely to produce a higher amount of dissonance if they involve the  way that we see ourselves and we subsequently have trouble justifying why our actions didn’t match our beliefs. For example, since individuals typically want to see themselves as ethical people, acting unethically would produce higher levels of dissonance. Imagine someone paid you $500 to tell a small lie to someone. The average person probably wouldn’t fault you for telling the lie- $500 is a lot of money and for most people would probably be enough to justify a relatively inconsequential lie. However, if you were paid only a couple of dollars, you might have more trouble justifying your lie, and feel less comfortable about doing so. How Cognitive Dissonance Affects Behavior In 1959, Festinger and his colleague James Carlsmith published an influential study showing that cognitive dissonance can affect behavior in unexpected ways. In this study, research participants were asked to spend an hour completing boring tasks (for example, repeatedly loading spools onto a tray). After the tasks were over, some of the participants were told that there were two versions of the study: in one (the version the participant had been in), the participant was not told anything about the study beforehand; in the other, the participant was told that the study was interesting and enjoyable. The researcher told the participant that the next study session was about to start, and that they needed someone to tell the next participant that the study would be enjoyable. They then asked the participant to tell the next participant that the study was interesting (which would have meant lying to the next participant, since the study had been designed to be boring). Some participants were offered $1 to do this, while others were offered $20 (since this study was conducted over 50 years ago, this would have been a lot of money to participants). In actuality, there was no â€Å"other version† of the study in which participants were led to believe the tasks were fun and interesting- when participants told the â€Å"other participant† that the study was fun, they were actually (unknown to them) speaking to a member of the research staff. Festinger and Carlsmith wanted to create a feeling of dissonance in participants- in this case, their belief (that lying should be avoided) is at odds with their action (they just lied to someone). After telling the lie, the crucial part of the study began. Another person (who appeared to not be part of the original study) then asked participants to report on how interesting the study actually was. Results of Festinger and Carlsmiths Study For participants who were not asked to lie, and for participants who lied in exchange for $20, they tended to report that the study indeed wasn’t very interesting. After all, participants who had told a lie for $20 felt that they could justify the lie because they were paid relatively well (in other words, receiving the large sum of money reduced their feelings of dissonance). However, participants who were only paid $1 had more trouble justifying their actions to themselves- they didn’t want to admit to themselves that they told a lie over such a small amount of money. Consequently, participants in this group ended up reducing the dissonance they felt another way- by reporting that the study had indeed been interesting. In other words, it appears that participants reduced the dissonance they felt by deciding that they hadn’t lied when they said the study was enjoyable and that they really had liked the study. Festinger and Carlsmith’s study has an important legacy: it suggests that, sometimes, when people are asked to act in a certain way, they may change their attitude to match the behavior they just engaged in. While we often think that our actions stem from our beliefs, Festinger and Carlsmith suggest that it can be the other way around: our actions can influence what we believe. Culture and Cognitive Dissonance In recent years, psychologists have pointed out that many psychology studies recruit participants from Western countries (North America and Europe) and that doing so neglects the experience of people who live in non-Western cultures. In fact, psychologists who study  cultural psychology  have found that many phenomena that were once assumed to be universal may actually be unique to Western countries. What about cognitive dissonance? Do people from non-Western cultures experience cognitive dissonance as well? Research seems to suggest that people from non-Western cultures do experience cognitive dissonance, but that the  contexts  that lead to feelings of dissonance might differ depending on cultural norms and values. For example, in a  study  conducted by Etsuko Hoshino-Browne and her colleagues, the researchers found that European Canadian participants experienced greater levels of dissonance when they made a decision for themselves, while Japanese participants were more likely to experience dissonance when they were responsible for making a decision for a friend. In other words, it seems that everyone does experience dissonance from time to time- but what causes dissonance for one person might not for someone else. Reducing Cognitive Dissonance According to  Festinger, we can work to reduce the dissonance we feel in several different ways. Changing Behavior One of the simplest ways to address dissonance is to change one’s behavior. For example,  Festinger explains  that a smoker might cope with the discrepancy between their knowledge (that smoking is bad) and their behavior (that they smoke) by quitting. Changing the Environment Sometimes people can reduce dissonance by changing things in their environment- in particular, in their social environment. For example, someone who smokes might surround themselves with other people who smoke instead of with people who have disapproving attitudes about cigarettes. In others words, people sometimes cope with feelings of dissonance by surrounding themselves in â€Å"echo chambers† where their opinions are supported and validated by others. Seeking Out New Information People can also address feelings of dissonance by processing information in a  biased way: they may look for new information that supports their current actions, and they might limit their exposure to information that would make them feel greater levels of dissonance. For example, a coffee drinker might look for research on the benefits of coffee drinking, and avoid reading studies that suggest coffee might have negative effects. Sources Festinger, Leon.  A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance.  Stanford University Press, 1957.  https://books.google.com/books?isbn0804709114Festinger, Leon, and James M. Carlsmith. â€Å"Cognitive Consequences of Forced Compliance.†Ã‚  The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology  58.2 (1959): 203-210.  http://web.mit.edu/curhan/www/docs/Articles/15341_Readings/Motivation/Festinger_Carlsmith_1959_Cognitive_consequences_of_forced_compliance.pdfFiske, Susan T., and Shelley E. Taylor.  Social Cognition: From Brains to Culture. McGraw-Hill, 2008.  https://books.google.com/books?id7qPUDAAAQBAJdqfisketaylorsocialcognitionlrGilovich, Thomas, Dacher Keltner, and Richard E. Nisbett.  Social Psychology. 1st edition, W.W. Norton Company, 2006.  https://books.google.com/books?isbn0393913236Hoshino-Browne, Etsuko, et al. â€Å"On the Cultural Guises of Cognitive Dissonance: The Case of Easterners and Westerners.†Ã‚  Journal of Personality and Social Psychology  89.3 (2 005): 294-310.  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/7517343_On_the_Cultural_Guises_of_Cognitive_Dissonance_The_Case_of_Easterners_and_Westerners White, Lawrence. â€Å"Is Cognitive Dissonance Universal?†.  Psychology Today Blog  (2013, Jun. 28).  https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/culture-conscious/201306/is-cognitive-dissonance-universal

CJUS 410 DB4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CJUS 410 DB4 - Essay Example In addition, a single witness can incriminate the accused due to ill intensions or presentation of wrong information unknowingly. My view of witness cross examination is also affirmed by scriptures quoted from Proverbs 18:17 and Deuteronomy 13:16–19. Both scriptures encourage cross examination of witnesses in order to establish whether the information given is true or false which is my view of criminal procedure operation. Further, the scriptures quoted from Exodus 22:12-13 and Deuteronomy 22:13–18 confirm my view of using physical evidence in order to deliver fair judgment. The current criminal procedure addresses the issue of witnesses, cross examination of witnesses and provision of physical evidences in an acceptable manner. Firstly, the current criminal procedure uses federal rules that incorporate the rights for each party that participates in criminal trials. More importantly, the rights included demonstrate the bible teachings within the law. For example, the current system enables criminal defends to receive a fair trial (The Legal Information Institute n.d). Secondly, the current criminal procedure permits a substantive due process. This is where the law enforcement officers as well as judges and prosecutors are constrained by the constitution so that fundamental rights and liberties for people involved in a criminal procedure are adhered to (The Legal Information Institute n.d). Therefore, law enforces cannot take advantage of their position to intimidate the accused. Of more importance, the current criminal procedure provides for cross examination of prosecution witnesses. This facilitates the procedure of determining whether the information presented is factual or false. In addition, the current criminal procedure permits the accused to seek the assistance of a counsel (National Legal Aid & Defender Association 1). This enables the

Cap and Trade System vs. Carbon Tax System Research Paper

Cap and Trade System vs. Carbon Tax System - Research Paper Example The call for robust action on climate change is coherent and urgent. It is obvious to any environmental conservationist that without firm action the effects from heat waves, droughts, flooding, hurricanes and other adverse weather occurrence will always keep worsening, creating even disastrous human and economic effects (Environmental Justice Matters 2). There are basically some approaches to be opted for:   a direct carbon tax and a cap-and-trade approach.  Ã‚   Climate change critiques have so far seen success in stopping adoption of whichever of these appears to have any momentum (Environmental Justice Matters 2). With cap-and-trade, they not only managed to disorganize and finally prevent enactment of the Waxman-Markey bill in the 110th Congress, but were able to tar cap-and-trade as a critically uncalled for strategy in the general political dialogue – notwithstanding its prior consensus success with SO2 and NOX (Environmental Justice Matters 2). Economists hold the v iew that, if the market is left to operate freely, greenhouse gas emissions will be too much, since there is not enough incentive for firms and households to cut emissions. Out of that, they propose the polluter pays principle and fixing a price on carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases (Hedges 1). This can be made possible through either a carbon tax or a cap-and-trade scheme. A carbon tax imposes a tax per unit of greenhouse gas emissions and gives firms and households, an incentive to cut pollution if doing so would cost less than paying the tax (Lavelle 4). Because of that, the size of pollution reduced is a factor of the chosen level of the tax. The tax to be paid is arrived at by assessing the cost associated with each unit of pollution and the costs of controlling that pollution. Setting the tax level too low will cause the firms and households to probably opt for paying the tax and continuing to pollute, above what is optimal for society. Very high and the costs will esca late higher than necessary to cut emissions, impacting on profits, jobs and end consumers (Lavelle 4). On the other side, a cap-and-trade system sets an optimum level of pollution, a cap, and disburses emissions permits to firms that produce emissions. Companies should have a permit to cover each unit of pollution they produce, and they can get these permits either through an initial allocation or auction, or through trading with other firms. Since some firms suddenly find it cheaper to cut pollution than others, trading occurs (Klare 12). While the maximum pollution quantity is put in place in advance, the trading price of permits vary, becoming more expensive when demand is high relative to supply and cheaper when demand is lower. A price on pollution is therefore come up with as a result of setting a ceiling on the overall quantity of emissions. As time passes, the limits become stricter, cutting pollution simultaneously until the desired reduction goal is reached. This is typica l example of the cap and trade program enacted by the Clean Air Act of 1990, which cut the sulfur emissions that cause acid rain and it met the target at a much lower cost than industry or government anticipated (Klare 12). It will therefore turn out to be cheaper for some firms to reduce their emissions below their permitted limit than others. These more dynamic companies, who emit below their allowance, can trade their extra with companies that are not able to make reductions as easily. This leads

Graphic design Essay Example for Free

Graphic design Essay I have been surrounded with art my whole life. My aunt is a photography major and my father started out in graphic design but now does more of the business side than creative. I grew up in a home that had a love for art. When I was little I used to sit for hours and hours and watch my dad work on his projects. I just loved watching how he created the beautiful picture and wanted to learn how I could do it too. I took art classes in elementary and junior high school and loved being able to create pictures with pencil, oil pastels, paint, or create a vase with broken pieces of glass. Once I got to high school I took digital photography, drawing, web design, and interior design and loved it all. I knew graphic design was what I wanted to do when I looked at all the classes required for the major and couldn’t wait to take all of them and learn all that I could. The beauty of art has always attracted me and I have always loved being able to create it myself. Sometimes I kind of struggle with the whole inspiration or â€Å"what do I draw† thoughts, but with graphic design there is more of a need where a client needs a logo, or a web page, or play bill to be designed. There is already the need and I am here to fulfill that need with my creative ideas and it has more of a purpose than to just make somebody feel something. It is to catch the viewers’ eye and intrigue them to come to your event or buy your product. I love being able to help people. Knowing that I can both create art and help someone with graphic design is just the perfect fit for me.

Who Has Seen The Wind: Meaning Of Life Essay -- essays research papers

Who Has Seen the Wind: Meaning of Life From the time people are born, until they die, it is only a natural thing to want to keep learning about their life and to figure out why they were put on this earth. From the very beginning of life, babies want to touch and experience everything around them. Throughout the novel, Who Has Seen the Wind by W.O. Mitchell, Brian O'Connal has found himself with a tremendous hunger to discover the real meaning of life. Clearly, then, Brian always searches for new ways to learn about the world he lives in. One of the things that Brian shows an interest in is God. Brian really wants to meet Him, not knowing that God is something that cannot be seen, for He is a spirit. Brian would say "Lets go over to his place"(7). Throughout the novel, Brian seems to be looking for God. He has his own image of God in his mind, thinking that "God rides the vacuum cleaner"(31). Brian learns the truth about God from different people like his parents, Saint Sammy, Mr. Hislop, his grandma, and his friends. He discovers that God is everywhere and in everyone, but He cannot be seen. Furthermore, Brian is very much interested, like many other children his age, about where living things come from. Being as young as he was, he always thought that God delivered babies. After Brian witnessed his very first birth, that of a rabbit, he became very confused and curious about what and how it happened. Brian had a very uncomfort...

Kellogs Case Essay

Using two motivation theories of your choice, explain a) the similarities and the b) differences between the two theories. Among the various motivation theories, I chose Herzberg’s theory of motivation and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. a) Similarities Herzberg is the person responsible for the birth of the two-dimensional paradigm of factors affecting people’s attitudes about work. This is sometimes called the two-factor theory. The factors involved are: hygiene factors and motivators. The presence of hygiene factors or dissatisfiers relate to the situation in which the person does what he or she does while motivators or the satisfiers relates to what a person does. Maslow introduced his hierarchy of needs which is about how people satisfy various personal needs in the context of their work. He also theorized that a person could not recognize or pursue the next higher need in the hierarchy until his or her currently recognized need was substantially or completely satisfied. The two aforementioned theories are similar in the context of recognizing that there are several factors/needs that affect a person’s attitude towards work. Particularly in Herzberg’s theory, factors may satisfy or dissatisfy a workers performance in the company; it can make them or break them. While Maslow’s hierarchy of needs stated that there are needs which one by one should be satisfied, so as to improve his capabilities as a person or as a worker in a company. These stages should be slowly and completely satisfied before going up on the pyramid of needs. So in onclusion, these two theories common denominator is the satisfaction of one’s needs for them to function more positively. In addition to their similarities, Herzberg’s hygiene factors and motivators are the same as the physiological needs in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. b) Differences Herzberg’s theory of motivation involves the hygiene factors and motivators. These factors are different in a way that hygiene factors are called dissatisfiers while motivators are the satisfiers. Such factors like the company policy, interpersonal relations, supervision, working conditions and salary are hygiene factors. The absence of hygiene factors can create job dissatisfaction, but their presence does not motivate or create satisfaction. Motivators on the other hand, are the factors that enriched a person’s job. There are five determinants of motivators; achievement, recognition, works itself, responsibility and advancement. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is named as follows, beginning from the bottom on the pyramid to the top; physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs and self-actualization. As individuals satisfy one level of need, their motivation change as they aspire to reach the higher order needs. Physiological needs are thirst, hunger and sex. Safety needs are security, stability and protection. Social needs are the escape to loneliness, love and belongingness, to love and be loved. Esteem needs are self-respect, the respect to others. Self-actualization is to fulfill one’s potentialities. Basically, the two theories differ in the aspect of the recognition of the different factors or needs that a person/leader must take into consideration. Another thing is Herzberg’s theory is all about the factors which affect a person’s attitude about work while Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is all about the various personal needs in the context of their work. 2. Describe the benefits to an organization of having a motivated workforce. When an organization has a motivated workforce, the benefits are mutually gained. It’s like hitting two birds with one stone, it may sound redundant but yes, it’s true. You gain money and at the same time you gain your workers trust and camaraderie. For example, in our store, whenever there are high rate of sales, we give incentives. If there are times when we see that our workers have a hard time working, like stocks have arrived, we give extra snacks. We treat our workers not just workers in our store but also as a member of our family, but there are limitations and we draw the line between leader and worker so as to avoid abusive behaviors. During holiday seasons or birthdays, we invite them to join us in our trip. We saw this as a chance for us to get to know our workers better outside our store, how they are as an individual. We also go a little further in knowing what motivates them, what they want, and how to satisfy their needs, because knowing what motivates our workers makes our relationship in the store, easy and effective. 3. Analyze the difference between hygiene factors and motivators. Hygiene factors are called as the dissatisfiers; they are the job factors which are essential for motivation in a workplace. The presence of these factors does not lead to positive satisfaction for long term. But if these factors are absent or if these factors are non-existent at workplace, then they lead to dissatisfaction. In other words, hygiene factors are those factors which when adequate or reasonable in a job, pacify the employees and do not make them dissatisfied. These factors are extrinsic to work. Hygiene factors are also called as maintenance factors  as they are required to avoid dissatisfaction. These factors describe the job environment or scenario. The hygiene factors symbolize the physiological needs which the individuals wanted and expected to be fulfilled. Hygiene factors include: ? Pay- The pay or salary structure should be appropriate and reasonable. It must be equal and competitive to those in the same industry in the same domain. Company Policies and administrative policies- The company policies should not be too rigid. They should be fair and clear. It should include flexible working hours, dress code, breaks, vacation, etc. ? Fringe benefits- The employees should be offered health care plans, benefits for the family members and employee help programmes. ? Physical Working conditions- The working conditions should be safe, clean and hygienic. The work equipments should be updated and well-maintained. ? Status- The employees’ status within the organization should be familiar and retained. Interpersonal relations-The relationship of the employees with his peers, superiors and subordinates should be appropriate and acceptable. There should be no conflict or humiliation element present. ? Job Security- The organization must provide job security to the employees. Motivators on the other hand are factors which are inherent to work. These factors motivate the employees for a superior performance. These factors are called satisfiers. These are factors involved in performing the job. Employees find these factors intrinsically rewarding. The motivators symbolized the psychological needs that were perceived as an additional benefit. Motivational factors include: ? Recognition- The employees should be praised and recognized for their accomplishments by the managers. ? Sense of achievement- The employees must have a sense of achievement. This depends on the job. There must be a fruit of some sort in the job. ? Growth and promotional opportunities- There must be growth and advancement opportunities in an organization to motivate the employees to perform well. ? Responsibility- The employees must hold themselves responsible for the work. The managers should give them ownership of the work. They should minimize control but retain accountability. 4. Evaluate the benefits to organizations of using different motivation approaches. If an organization uses different kinds of motivation approaches, they are more likely to achieve a better workplace with workers who are well motivated. Why is this so? because the different theories of motivation suggests a lot of tips and challenges for the company to apply for them to achieve a better and happier people in the working department. Another is that the company leaders will be able to satisfy every members needs leading to satisfaction and motivation, as well as avoiding the dissatisfiers that might result to drawbacks. Motivating the members of your company makes them more committed and they will trust you because they will feel that they are important to the company they are working into. Applying various types of motivation theories also makes the working environment more exciting and interesting, so your workers are more enthusiastic in coming to work every day and ultimately making productive, profitable and competitive business. This way, you are not just gaining money but you are also able to help others improve themselves as a worker and as efficient and effective members of the society.

An Analysis Of Mike Norton Hits Spot On Beethoven s...

â€Å"Beethoven said that it’s better to hit the wrong note confidentially than hit the right note unconfidently. Never be afraid to be wrong or to embarrass yourself; we are all students in this life, and there is always something more to learn.† – Mike Norton. This quote by Mike Norton hits spot on Beethoven’s character and his person in general. Unlike other musicians of his time, Beethoven had several unique characteristics about his compositions. In his time, he was called a revolutionary. In his later years, Beethoven became deaf and could not always verbally show his emotion, he portrayed his feelings in his music. Although considering the matters of religion and thoroughbass cut and dry, his study of aesthetics was something that he could create something of his own. Throughout several of his Sonata’s and compositions, he holds a darker style of music that shocked and disturbed rather than calmed like the traditional music in the 18th centur y. Much like his appearance, his contemporaries perceived his compositions as wild, bizarre and crazy. The pieces were more complicated than pieces that were being written in that time period, and Beethoven claimed he was writing them for the future. In one of his final pieces, Piano Sonata, Op. 111, he â€Å"shows his radical approach to form and his revolutionary brilliance stands out in every movement of his five Late Quartets, simply the greatest body of music ever composed† (Woods). He went against the grain of the musical society in